Train categories in Europe

Railway companies in Europe assign their trains to different categories or train types depending on their role. Passenger trains may be broadly split into long-distance and local trains; the latter having average journey times of under an hour and a range of less than 50 kilometres. Goods trains have their own train types. The names of these train types has changed continually in the course of time.

A train type is not essentially a trademark name. However there are trademark names that are also used as train types (e.g. CityNightLine, Cisalpino, VogtlandExpress).

Contents

European long-distance/high-speed rail brands

Name Abbreviation Region
Alaris ALS Spain
Alta Velocidad Española AVE Spain
Cisalpino CIS Italy/Switzerland
Cross Country XC United Kingdom
EuroCity EC Various European countries
Euromed Spain
Eurostar EST United Kingdom/France, United Kingdom/Belgium
Eurostar Italia ES Italy
Fyra FYR Netherlands, Netherlands/Belgium
Intercity-Express ICE Germany, Austria, Germany/Netherlands, Germany/Switzerland, Germany/Austria, Germany/France, Germany/Denmark, Germany/Belgium
Railjet RJ Austria, Austria/Hungary, Austria/Germany, Austria/Switzerland
Train à Grande Vitesse TGV France, France/Switzerland, France/Germany, France/Italy, France/Luxembourg, France/Belgium, France/Spain
Trenhotel TH Spain, Spain/Portugal, Spain/France, Spain/Switzerland, Spain/Italy
Thalys THA France/Belgium/Netherlands, France/Belgium/Germany
X 2000 X2 Sweden, Sweden/Denmark

Austria, Germany and Switzerland

Long-distance (Fernverkehr) and local (Nahverkehr) train types within the Deutsche Bahn AG, Austrian Federal Railways (Österreichische Bundesbahnen or ÖBB), Swiss Federal Railways (Schweizerische Bundesbahnen or SBB) are divided into further sub-categories:

Long-distance passenger services (Personenfernverkehr)

Name Abbreviation Operator Role
Intercity-Express ICE DB AG high-speed train (with multiple units)
railjet RJ ÖBB
EuroCity EC various international long-distance train
ÖBB-EC OEC ÖBB
Intercity / InterCity IC various national long-distance train
ÖBB-IC OIC ÖBB
InterCity-Neigezug ICN SBB national long-distance train with tilting technology
Interregio IR (obsolete) national long-distance train with frequent stops
InterRegio IR SBB
InterConnex X Veolia Verkehr private long-distance train
Schnellzug D various (inter-)national long-distance train
"für besondere Zwecke" FbZ various Literally: "For special purposes". Empty trains for moving long-distance and local coaches or damaged wagons

Local passenger services (Personennahverkehr)

Name Abbreviation Operator Role
Interregio-Express IRE DBAG almost a local train (Nahverkehrszug) stopping at few stations; semi-fast[1]
EURegio ER ÖBB border-crossing local train stopping at few stations; semi-fast
Regional-Express RE DBAG local train stopping at few stations; semi fast
RegionalExpress REX ÖBB
RegioExpress RE SBB
ErlebnisZug EZ ÖBB
Eilzug E (obsolete)
Regionalbahn RB DBAG local train stopping at (almost) all stations; stopping train
Regionalzug R ÖBB
Regio R SBB
metronom regional MEr metronom
Stadt-Express SE (obsolete) local train not stopping on certain sections of line
RegionalSchnellBahn RSB (obsolete)
Regio-S-Bahn RSB ÖBB
S-Bahn S various not to be confused with DBAG product classes, the same train types grouped by price
Stadtbahn STB various
RegioTram RT RBK & DB Regio

Goods trains

There are a large number of goods train types, some of which are only used for a few trains. Very broadly they can be divided into:

Name Abbreviation Role
Ganzzug IK, CS, CT inter alia Complete train-loads; trains that are used to transport a single type of freight from the loading point all the way to their destination station
Einzelwagenverkehr FR, FS, FZ inter alia Trains that haul individual wagons or groups of wagons usually to or from the nearest railway hub

Night trains

Name Abbreviation Role
EuroNight EN International sleeper train
CityNightLine CNL International night train with luxury sleeping compartments, normal sleepers and couchettes
DB NachtZug NZ The main national night train in Germany with sleepers and normal coaches
D-Zug
D-Nacht		 D
DN		 Night through-coach train (DB) and the night trains of eastern European railway companies

Other types of train

Name Country Role
Extrazug CH "Extra train" to supplement scheduled services
Entlastungszug D "Relief train" added when there is a lot of traffic
Sonderzug D "Special train"

Former passenger train types

Name Abbreviation Role
Autoreisezug ARZ Car sleeper-train or motorail
Beschleunigter Personenzug BP "Fast passenger train", an Eilzug (semi-fast train) with compartment coaches and no supplementary fare
Citybahn CB Category in between an S-Bahn train and a local train, only used on a few routes (Köln – Gummersbach, Bremen – Bremen-Vegesack, Hamburg – Stade and in the Saarland, precursor of the RegionalBahn and RegionalExpress trains (only in the Saar-Westpfalz area)
Dienstbesatzerzug for the Westalliierten in Berlin Db + Dbg "Service train for the western allies in Berlin", military train for western forces in West Berlin which transited through the GDR
D-Zug for the US-Army DUS Express train for the US Forces in Germany
D-Zug with Wehrmachtsabteil DmW Express train for German Armed Forces (Wehrmacht)
City-D-Zug DC National long-distance train, preferred for InterCity feeder services
Express-Zug Ex National and international long-distance train with few stops en route, GDR and Austria
FernExpress FD National and international long-distance train, mainly for holiday traffic
Interexpress IEx International long-distance train with few stops en route, only GDR, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia
Eilzug E Semi-fast or fast stopping train, precursor of the RegionalExpress
EuroCityExpress ECE
ExpoExpress EXE DB specials used for Expo 2000 in Hanover, mainly ICE rakes
F-Zug F National long-distance train with enhanced comfort, precursor of the InterCity trains
Luxuszug L CIWL trains with the highest levels of comfort
Metropolitan Express Train MET
Nahverkehrszug or
Nahschnellverkehrszug		 N Local or stopping train, precursor of the Regionalbahn trains
Personenzug with Güterbeförderung PmG Passenger train with goods wagons attached
Personenzug P Passenger train; the most basic service
Schnellzug for Fronturlauber SFR
Städteschnellverkehrszug S Semi-fast train (Eilzug) with no supplement
Städteschnellzug National long-distance train, only CH
Städteexpress Ex (GDR + D) from 1976 to 1991, linked the GDR's outlying cities with Berlin. Travelled out in the morning and back in the evening. Supplementary express fare charged
SwissExpress National long-distance train, only CH
Trans-Europ-Express TEE international long-distance train with enhanced comfort
In 1953 the Deutsche Bundesbahn had the following categories
Fernschnellzug (F) / Fernschnelltriebwagen (Ft)
Schnellzug (D) / Schnelltriebwagen (Dt)
Eilzug (E) / Eiltriebwagen (Et)
Städteschnellverkehrszug (S) / Städteschnellverkehrs-Triebwagen (St) / Städteschnellverkehrs-Schienenomnibus (Sto)
Nahschnellverkehrszug (N) / Nahschnellverkehrs-Triebwagen (Nt) / Nahschnellverkehrs-Schienenomnibus (Nto)
Personenzug (without any abbrevation) / Triebwagen (T) / Schienenomnibus (Pto)

Former goods train categories

Name Abbreviation Role
Durchgangsgüterzug Dg "Through goods train", largely corresponds to today's InterCargo train
Ganzzug
e. g. Erzzug		 Gdg, Gag Complete train-load trains, e.g. mineral trains
Güterzug with Personenbeförderung GmP Goods train with passenger coach(es) attached
Huckepackzug
(Rollende Landstraße)		 "Piggy back train" or "rolling country road", train with flats for carrying road vehicles
Nahgüterzug Ng Local goods train
Postzug Postz Mail train
Übergabegüterzug Üg Goods exchange train

Train types - private operators

Name Abbreviation Role
Arriva-Länderbahn-Express alex alex Interregio replacement IR 25 Munich–Oberstdorf/Lindau and Munich - Regensburg - Schwandorf - Hof (Saale) / Prague der Länderbahn, equates to the InterRegio service, but may be used with local fares or Bayern and Schönes-Wochenende tickets
CityNightLine CNL Night train in D, A, CH, DK, NL
Cisalpino CIS SBB and Trenitalia long-distance tilting or. standard trains
Harz-Berlin-Express HBX Veolia long-distance trains
InterConnex X Veolia Verkehr long-distance services, equating to the Interregio trains
Lausitz-Express LX Connex Sachsen long-distance services
metronom regional MEr Metronom Eisenbahngesellschaft local passenger trains stopping at all stations
Mitfahrzug IGE long-distance services
Vogtland-Express VX Vogtlandbahn long-distance trains

Belgium (NMBS/SNCB)

InterCity (IC)
A train connecting Belgium's major cities. These trains stop at the most important stations only, sometimes crossing national borders as well.
InterRegio (IR)
A train connecting Belgium's major cities with smaller cities. These trains generally skip smaller stations. Comparable to German Regional-Express
Piekuurtrein/rush-hour train (P)
Additional scheduled train service that is limited to times at which the demand for a certain route is at its highest. The number of stops varies between trains.
Lokale trein/local train (L)
Local trains usually connect larger cities, but will stop at (nearly) every station along the way. Similar to German Regionalbahn
CityRail (CR)
Suburban train connecting towns and cities around Brussels. Stops at (nearly) every station.
Tourist train (ICT)
Additional scheduled train service that is limited to times at which the demand for a certain touristic destination is at its highest. The number of stops varies between trains.
Extra train
Additional train service, used in case of exceptionally good weather to accommodate more passengers on routes to the coast or in case of special events such as concerts.
Eurocity (EC)
International train meeting certain quality criteria.
International train (INT)
Regular international train.
Thalys (THA)
High-speed trains to Germany, France and The Netherlands. (operated by SNCF, DB, NS and NMBS)
TGV
High-speed trains to France. (Operated by SNCF)
ICE
High-speed trains to Germany. (Operated by DB)
Eurostar (EST)
High-speed trains to France and the UK. (operated by SNCF, NMBS and Eurostar UK Ltd.)

Croatia (Hrvatske Željeznice)

Eurocity (EC)
international high-class service express trains
Intercity (IC)
national and international express trains
Intercity Nagibni (ICN)
national express trains using tilting DMUs
Brzi vlak (Brzi)
literally "fast train", lower class national and international long-distance trains stopping in larger towns
Ubrzani vlak (Ubrz)
literally "accelerated train", local trains skipping some stations, at the same tariff as regular local trains (putnički)
Putnički vlak (Putn)
literally "passenger train", local trains stopping at every station

Czech Republic (České dráhy)

SuperCity (SC)
highest-standard trains requiring reservation, made of modern tilting-train units operating on both national and international routes
Eurocity (EC)
higher-standard international trains, consisting of new or modernised cars of several rail companies and stopping at selected stations only
Euronight (EN)
international sleeper trains
Intercity (IC)
the highest category of national trains, with carriages and stopping frequencies comparable to the EC trains
Express (Ex)
faster trains linking regions, mostly faster and more comfortable than the R trains
Rychlík (R)
the lowest category of longer-distance train, usually quite slow and with old carriages
Spěšný vlak (Sp)
local trains stopping on selected stations only
Osobní vlak (Os)
local trains stopping at every station

Finland (VR Group)

Name Abbr. Role Typical route length / stopping interval (km) Typical maximum speed (km/h) Onboard services Rolling stock
Allegro AE International high speed train between Helsinki and Saint Petersburg, Russia. 400 / 100 220 1st class, 2nd class, restaurant car, non-smoking KT Class Sm6 tilting electric trainsets
Pendolino S High speed train between major hub stations. Some trains stop more frequently, similar to the InterCity trains (see below). 200-700 / 50-200 200-220 Business class, 2nd class, restaurant car, smoking room VR Class Sm3 tilting electric trainsets
InterCity IC The backbone of Finnish long distance trains, mainly serving trunk lines radiating from Helsinki and stopping at major stations. 200-900 / 50-100 140-160 Business class, 2nd class, restaurant car, smoking room Locomotive hauled, single and double deck cars (manufactured since the 90s)
InterCity2 IC² (or IC2) Like the InterCity trains (see above), but on shorter routes and fewer onboard services. 200-300 / 50-100 160-200 Business class, 2nd class, sales trolley, non-smoking Locomotive hauled, double deck cars (mnf. since the 2000s), push-pull operation planned
Express (daytime) P Operates mostly outside the trunk lines. 200-500 / 50-100 120-140 2nd class, restaurant car, usually smoking room Locomotive hauled, older "blue" cars (mnf. before the 90s)
Express (nighttime) Nighttime sleeper trains between Helsinki and Finnish Lapland and International sleeper train "Лев Толсто́й/Tolstoi" between Moscow, Russia and Helsinki. 1000 / 50-200 120-140 Business class/First class, 2nd class, restaurant car, sleeping berths, smoking room, car-carrier wagons (Lapland trains only) Locomotive hauled, mixture of older and newer Finnish cars (Lapland trains), Russian cars (Moscow train)
Regional H Trains on routes with relatively few passengers, trains stopping at every station. 200 / 10-50 120-160 2nd class, non-smoking Electric multiple units / Diesel railcars / Locomotive hauled with older "blue" cars
Commuter Route letters (see note below) Commuter trains in Helsinki region. Some trains stop only at the largest suburban stations, but others stop at every station similar to the German S-Bahn trains. 20-100 / 2-10 120-160 2nd class, non-smoking Electric multiple units, some rush hour trains are locomotive hauled with "red" cars from the 80s

NOTE: Long distance trains are identified (in passenger information systems) by train number prefixed with the train type abbreviation (e.g. "IC² 177"). However, the Helsinki region commuter trains are identified by their "route letters" only (e.g. "K") and usually do not show their train number to passengers at all.

France (SNCF)

The SNCF use a different system of trains categories, based on politics wishes and commercial trademarks. Categories do not necessarily match with distance.

TGV
National or international services by high speed trains with supplementary fare, totally or partially on high speed lines. Similar to the ICE.
LUNEA
Night service
CORAIL TEOZ
National services on main lines with supplementary fare, never on high speed lines. Similar to the Intercity. There are no CORAIL TEOZ trains between two cities already linked by TGV on a similar itinerary.
CORAIL INTERCITES
National services, ever on main lines and/or secondary lines without supplementary fare. Similar to the InterRegio or the Intercity (Paris - Caen - Cherbourg and Paris - Rouen - Le Havre). Have been used to be called Train Inter Regional, but is obsolete.
TER (TRAIN EXPRESS REGIONAL)
These trains are financed by administratives regions and don't reflete precisely a category, a TER route can be anything from 10 miles to more than 250 miles long. Some TER routes are longer than TGV ones.
Regional or national services, on main lines or secondary lines without supplementary fare. Used to be similar to the S-Bahn (many stops from a big city on a short distance, neighbourhood service), the Regional or RegioExpress, but can be also similar to the InterRegio-Express or Intercity (Interloire Nantes - Orléans) and the InterRegio (Orléans - Lyon, Toulouse - Clermont-Ferrand).
Some special regional trains called TERGV (merged TER and TGV). In the Nord-Pas-de-Calais, important cities have to be linked to the main city Lille in less than one hour. The TERGV consists in TGV trains for regional service, the only one with a supplementary fare. These trains use the high speed lines (LGV) to link quickly Dunkerque, Calais, Boulogne-sur-Mer (non-exhaustive list), essentially for business workers. The TERGV is similar to a kind of regional ICE.[2]
There are also TER200,[3] iC TER[4] and INTERLOIRE[5]

Hungary (MÁV)

Eurocity
international luxury trains
Intercity
trains mainly in national services on important long-distance routes with air conditioning, restaurant car and seat reservation
Expressz
fast train with compulsory seat reservation (only summertime)
Gyorsvonat
express trains on long-distance routes with standard rolling stock
Sebesvonat
Eilzug equivalent
Zónázó
RegionalBahn equivalent
Személyvonat
Regionalzug equivalent
EURegio
state-subsidiarised international stopping trains near the Austrian border, connects Győr to Vienna and Wiener Neustadt to Graz via Sopron, Szombathely and Jennersdorf
Interrégió

This trains make connections with Intercity trains from smaller towns. Air conditioned, allowed to travel with bike or wheelchair.

RegionalExpress
ÖBB REX trains serve the Vienna-Ebenfurth-Sopron-Deutschkreutz line

Italy (Trenitalia and others)

International services

High-speed trains

Long-distance services

Regional and local trains

These trains are financed by administratives regions:

Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen)

Fyra
High-Speed train currently running between Amsterdam and Breda
Internationale trein (international train)
train class in cross-border traffic between the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany (Intercity to Berlin) and other European countries
Intercity
national train, links the cities with fixed-interval services
Sneltrein
Express train, similar to the German Regionalexpress or Eilzug, the train class is gradually being replaced by "downgraded" IC trains
Stoptrein
stops at all stations, the basic local train service, similar to the German Regionalbahn
Sprinter
stops at all stations and runs mainly in conurbations, similar to the German S-Bahn. The Sprinter is gradually replacing the stoptrein.

In 2012 only three levels will remain: Fyra - Intercity - Sprinter.

Poland (PKP and others)

EuroNight (EN)
high quality night train; operated by PKP Intercity
EuroCity (EC)
international luxury trains on the most important long-distance routes, must be reserved on domestic routes, up to 160 km/h; operated by PKP Intercity
Ekspres InterCity (EIC)
luxury trains in national services on the most important long-distance routes, must be reserved, up to 160 km/h; operated by PKP Intercity;
Tanie Linie Kolejowe (TLK)
fast trains on inter-regional routes; must be reserved in 1st class; operated by PKP Intercity
RegioEkspres (RE)
fast comfortable trains on inter-regional routes; same fare as in InterRegio; 1st and 2nd class, with facultative reservation (available in the Internet ticketing system only); currently only on two routes[8]: MEWA Szczecin - Warszawa - Szczecin and MAZOWSZE Poznań - Warszawa - Poznań. Both are operated by Przewozy Regionalne. Not to be confused with German RegionalExpress for this is a different product. There is also one RegionalExpress connection Dresden Hbf - Wrocław Główny (1st and 2nd class) operated by DB Regio
InterRegio (IR)
fast trains on inter-regional routes; no reservation; cheaper than "TLK", but usually with lower standard, 2nd class only; operated by Przewozy Regionalne
RegioPlus
semi-fast local passenger train missing out several stops, mainly used for commuter services, 2nd class only; operated by Przewozy Regionalne
Regio (R)
local passenger train, 2nd class only; Formerly called "osobowy" and often confused; operated by Przewozy Regionalne.
Osobowy (os.)
local passenger train, 2nd class only; operated by Arriva RP (consortium of Arriva and DB Schenker Rail Polska), Koleje Dolnośląskie and Koleje Mazowieckie
Szybka Kolej Miejska
S-Bahn in Tricity (operated by PKP SKM) and Warsaw (operated by SKM Warszawa)

Portugal (Comboios de Portugal - CP)

Alfa Pendular (AP)
Tilting trains, speeds up to 220 km/h. Used on the main North/South line. Fast trains, only stopping at the end destination or one or two major intermediate cities. Surcharge payable.
Intercidades (IC)
Fast trains, speeds up to 160 km/h. Used on main lines, stopping only at main towns.
Interregional (IR)
Semi-fast trains, speeds up to 120 km/h. Used on main lines, stopping at main towns and some smaller towns.
Regional (R)
Stopping trains, speeds up to 120 km/h. Used on main lines, stopping at all stations.
Urbano / Suburbano
Commuter trains. Used in or around the major cities.
Comboios Internacionais (Internacional, IN)
International trains to Madrid, Vigo and Hendaye / Irun

Romania (Caile Ferate Romane - CFR)

Personal (P)
Local trains, stopping every station, speeds up to 120 km\h.
Accelerat (A)
Semi-fast trains, usually for long distances, speeds up to 140 km\h, stopping at the main stations and some smaller towns.
Rapid (R)
Fast trains, speeds up to 160 km\h, stopping on major cities.
Intercity (IC)
Same as Rapid, fast trains, speeds up to 160 km\h, but with fewer stops.
Euronight (EN)
Night trains, fewer stops only on major cities, speeds up to 160 km\h.

Slovakia (ZSSK)

Eurocity (EC)
high quality, usually long-haul international services between Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic and Germany. Surcharge payable when travelling with domestic ticket
InterCity (IC)
high quality trains providing only air-conditioned carriages, mostly domestic services (several trains are available to Vienna - closing since 2010 timetable - and Hungary). Reservation always necessary when travelling between Bratislava hlavná stanica and Košice, surcharge payable when travelling with domestic ticket
EuroNight (EN)
high quality night train
Express (Ex)
this category is used for trains which operate as EuroCity in other countries, but failed to qualify for EuroCity in Slovakia due to high quality standards given by ZSSK. However, there is also high quality domestic express service from Banská Bystrica to Bratislava (Ex 530/531)
Rýchlik (R)
"fast train" - trains for longer routes, usually stops at all towns en route, but not at villages
Regional Express (REX)
international local train stopping at few stations; semi fast, Slovakia/Austria
EURegional(ER)
border-crossing local train stopping at few stations (but more than Regional Express); semi-fast, Slovakia/Austria
Zrýchlený vlak (Zr)
semi fast train
Osobný vlak (Os)
stopping train, serving all stations

Slovenia (Slovenske železnice [SŽ])

InterCity Slovenija (ICS)
serve large stations only, equivalent to ICE in Germany and Austria, using tilting trains
InterCity (IC)
serve larger stations across the country, usually using push-pull trains or DMUs
International Train (MV)
similar to InterCity, but serves other countries, especially Croatia
Regional Train (RG)
similar to InterCity
Local Train (LP)
stopping train, usually using EMUs and DMUs

Spain (RENFE)

AVE
High speed trains, speeds up to 300 km/h
Routes:
Alvia
Trains capable of operating in both high-speed and conventional lines, speeds up to 250 km/h
Routes:
Altaria
Trains which use different locomotives in high-speed and conventional lines, speeds up to 250 km/h
Routes:
Euromed
Operates in the Mediterranean coast, speeds up to 220 km/h
Routes:
Alaris
Tilting trains operating in conventional lines, speeds up to 200 km/h
Routes:
Talgo
Tilting trains in high-speed and conventional lines, link Madrid with other capital cities
Routes:
Arco
Conventional trains, link Barcelona with other capital cities
Routes:
Trenhotel
Night services
Routes:
Media Distancia

AVANT, also called lanzaderas. Land trains that use the high speed. Madrid-Toledo Madrid Pta. Atocha-Ciudad Real-Puertollano Madrid Chamartín-Segovia-Valladolid Sevilla-Málaga Cádiz-Sevilla-Córdoba-Jaén Barcelona-Lleida Catalayud-Zaragoza

Middle distance services, speeds up to 160 km/h
Routes: all over continental Spain
Cercanías
Short distance services in metropolitan areas, speeds up to 120 km/h
Areas (clockwise): Madrid, Zaragoza, Barcelona, Valencia, Murcia/Alicante, Málaga, Cádiz, Sevilla, Oviedo/Gijón, Santander, Bilbao, San Sebastián Cercanías de Zaragoza

Former Soviet Union

Passaschirski (пассажирский)
express train, very largely sleepers only, must be reserved
Elektro-/Diesel-Pojesd powyschennoj komfortnosti (электро-/дизель-поезд повышенной комфортности)
fast passenger train, sometimes also with 1st and 2nd class, sometimes must be reserved
Elektro-/Diesel-Pojesd (электро-/дизель-поезд)
Local train, 3rd class only

United Kingdom

See List of companies operating trains in the United Kingdom.

Former Yugoslavia (Successor companies of the JŽ)

Eurocity
international high-class trains
Intercity
trains used on national and international services on important long-distance routes
Intercity nagibni
Croatian Railways tilting train
Poslovni voz/vlak
Intercity - similar to express trains, usually 1st class only
Brzi voz/vlak
Express trains on long-distance routes, national and international
Zeleni vlak
Former Slovenian express multiple-unit connexions, also cross-border
Ubrzani vlak
semi-fast (like German Eilzug)
Putnički voz/vlak, Lokalni voz
Regional train stopping at all station, usually multiple unit trains

See also

Sleeper trains in Europe

Footnotes and References

  1. ^ Semi-fast train, also known as a fast stopping train
  2. ^ http://telechargement.ter-sncf.com/Images/Nord_Pas_De_Calais/Tridion/CM_Lille_Dunkerque_2011_3v_tcm-26-64300.pdf
  3. ^ http://telechargement.ter-sncf.com/Images/Alsace/Tridion/AG_01_bis_Strasbourg_Mulhouse_B%C3%A2le_ap_1011_tcm-10-12416.pdf
  4. ^ http://telechargement.ter-sncf.com/Images/Paca/Tridion/Fiche_14_V3_WEB_tcm-27-55576.pdf
  5. ^ http://telechargement.ter-sncf.com/Images/Centre/Tridion/FW01-E11_tcm-17-16027.pdf
  6. ^ http://timetables.sad.it/getTimetablePDF.php?id=3697
  7. ^ http://www.trenord.it/media/28279/edolo-iseo-bs.pdf
  8. ^ http://www.przewozyregionalne.pl/informacje-biezace,s,0,571.html